Learn How to Remove Common Surface Problems From Wood Furniture

Cleaning the finish on furniture can involve more thanPaint Spatter
just wiping now and then with a damp cloth orWhen you roll latex paint onto walls and ceilings, the
furniture polish. Foreign matter can become stuck toroller throws off tiny droplets of paint that land on
the surface and require a more complex cleaningyou and everything else in the room. If you don't
procedure. Here are several common examples andcover your furniture well, you may find these
how to deal with each.droplets stuck to the finish.
Stickers and TapeFor a few days you may be able to remove the
Many retail stores and moving companies put labelingdroplets by rubbing with a cloth dampened with
stickers with prices and other information onwater, or soap and water. But once the droplets
furniture. If these stickers aren't removed within ahave hardened, you will need to rub them with a
few months they can become so stuck to thesolvent.
surface that you can't peel them off. Because theThe solvent to use is toluene or xylene, which is the
glues that are used on these stickers vary, it's notactive solvent in commercial products such as Goof
possible to identify one solvent that will dissolveOff and Oops!. Be very careful using one of these
every one. In many cases the solvent that workssolvents on water-based finish or latex paint.
best, in fact, also dissolves the finish.Unlike latex paint, oil paint cannot be removed easily
Usually, the safest way to remove these stickers isfrom another paint or finish without also damaging it.
to soften the paper with water (as you do toOnly a very strong solvent such as lacquer thinner or
remove paper labels from jars), then peel off thepaint stripper will soften oil paint, and these solvents
paper and either rub off the glue with your finger orwill dissolve or soften every other paint or finish on
soften it with a petroleum-distillate solvent and thenthe piece, too. To remove oil paint with the least
rub it off.damage to the underlying paint or finish, you usually
Petroleum-distillate solvents include mineral spiritshave to scrape or abrade the paint off the surface.
(paint thinner), which is the weakest, naphtha, xyleneFelt-tip Pen Marks
(xylol) and toluene (toluol), which is the strongestThe binder used in felt-tip pens and Magic Markers is
solvent. All are available at paint stores and homesimilar to shellac in that it is usually soluble in alcohol,
centers, as is turpentine, a pine-sap distillate, whichso the obvious cleaner is alcohol. Of course, you
has a solvent strength similar to naphtha.won't be able to avoid damaging a shellac surface,
None of these solvents causes damage to any finishand you will need to be very careful on lacquer and
except wax and water base unless they remain inwater-based finish.
contact for a considerable time. They all removeMold and Mildew
wax; and xylene and toluene will damage aMold and mildew are bacteria that thrive in damp
water-based finish.conditions common in cellars. It doesn't do much good
Masking and Scotch tape are more difficult toto remove the mold or mildew from the surface if
remove because you can't use water to separateyou don't kill the spores. To do this, mix equal parts
the tape from the glue. You will have to work aof household bleach and water, and wipe the surface
solvent under the tape. Toluene and xylene are bestusing a cotton cloth or sponge. The bleach won't
(except on water-based finishes) because of theirdamage any finish, but the water will if it gets under
strength. Other solvents such as alcohol and lacquerthe finish and into the wood. So don't soak the cloth.
thinner may damage the finish.To aid in the cleaning you can add a pH-neutral soap
In extreme cases, you may have to scrape orsuch as dishwashing liquid. Then wipe the surface
abrade off the tape and then repair the damage towith a clean, damp cloth to remove any residue that
the finish. Sometimes there's a color difference in themight be left from the bleach or soap. Carefully dry
wood or finish under the sticker or tape because thisoff the surface with a dry cloth. To keep the mold
area was shielded from light.and mildew from returning, place the furniture in drier
Candle Waxconditions.
You can remove candle wax from a finish a little at aWrinkled Finishes
time by rubbing with a petroleum-distillate dampenedA dirty, wrinkled and often sticky finish on chair arms
cloth. But it is much faster to use ice to crystallizeand backs, edges of tables, and around knobs and
the wax and then pick it off the surface.pulls is usually the result of the finish having been
Hold an ice cube against the wax for five or 10broken down by repeated contact with mild acids or
seconds to freeze it. Then pick the wax off thealkalis. The most common culprit is acidic body oil or
surface with your fingernail and remove any thatsweat from peoples' hands, arms and backs.
remains with a petroleum-distillate solvent.Repeated washings with an alkali soap can also cause
If you don't have any ice handy, you can cut orthis problem.
scrape off the majority of the wax with a chisel,You can try washing the finish with a mild soap such
knife or plastic credit card. Then remove the restas dishwashing liquid. If this doesn't correct the
with a petroleum distillate.problem, you can try rubbing with steel wool to
Crayon Marksabrade off the surface of the finish and expose
Because crayons are wax, you should be able togood finish underneath. Usually the finish is destroyed
remove crayon marks by wiping with anyall the way through, however, so it has to be
petroleum-distillate solvent, turpentine or evenremoved and replaced to fix the problem.
furniture polish. But if the finish is so thin that theThe Ultimate Fix
crayon has gotten into the wood, you may haveWith the possible exception of the wrinkled finish, all
difficulty removing all the color. Try washing theof these problems can be corrected by abrading -- in
surface several times with the petroleum distillate. Iteffect, rubbing out the finish, or at least a part of it.
may help to scrub the affected area lightly with aBut this may cause sheen differences, so try the
toothbrush.methods I suggest above first.